Your Complete Step-by-Step Overview for Beginner Grammar

Just getting started with German? Then A1 is your foundation. This is where you learn how to introduce yourself, form simple sentences, and understand everyday situations — without feeling completely lost.

In this guide, you’ll get a clear and complete overview of A1-level German grammar, what you actually need to know, and how to start using it right away.

Let’s build your German grammar from the ground up. 🧱


🎯 What Does “A1” Really Mean?

A1 is the true beginner level. At this stage, you should be able to:

  • Introduce yourself
  • Ask and answer basic questions
  • Understand slow, clear speech
  • Form simple sentences in the present tense
  • Handle everyday situations like shopping or asking for directions

To do that, you’ll need core grammar structures — not everything, just the essentials.


✅ A1 German Grammar Checklist

Here’s what you need to learn and practice at A1 level:


1. Personal Pronouns

GermanEnglish
ichI
duyou (informal)
er / sie / eshe / she / it
wirwe
ihryou (plural)
sie / Siethey / you (formal)

2. Regular Verb Conjugation (Präsens)

Examples: machen, lernen, arbeiten

Personmachen (to do/make)
ichmache
dumachst
er/sie/esmacht
wirmachen
ihrmacht
sie/Siemachen

3. Sein and Haben (Irregular Verbs)

Verbichduer/sie/eswirihrsie/Sie
seinbinbististsindseidsind
habenhabehasthathabenhabthaben

You’ll use these constantly — memorize them early.


4. Sentence Structure – Word Order

Basic rule: Subject – Verb – Object

Ich lerne Deutsch.
Du trinkst Kaffee.
⚠️ Verb always stays in position 2 in main clauses.


5. Yes/No and W-Questions

Examples:

  • Ja/Nein: Kommst du aus Deutschland?Ja, ich komme aus Deutschland.
  • W-Questions:
    • Wie heißt du?
    • Wo wohnst du?
    • Was machst du?

🎯 Learn: wer, was, wann, wo, wie, warum


6. Articles and Nouns (Nominative Case)

GenderDefiniteIndefiniteExample
Masculinedereinder Mann, ein Tisch
Femininedieeinedie Frau, eine Lampe
Neuterdaseindas Kind, ein Buch
Pluraldiedie Autos

7. Accusative Case (Direct Object)

Changes in the masculine only:

Caseder → dendiedasdie (plural)
ExampleIch sehe den Mann.Ich sehe die Frau.Ich sehe das Auto.Ich sehe die Kinder.

🎯 Focus on learning verbs that take accusative (sehen, brauchen, haben, etc.)


8. Negation – nicht vs kein

  • nicht = negates verbs/adjectives/sentences
    • Ich bin nicht müde.
  • kein/keine/kein = negates nouns
    • Ich habe keinen Hunger.
    • Das ist kein Auto.

9. Modal Verbs (dürfen, können, wollen, müssen…)

Use with an infinitive at the end.

Example:

  • Ich kann Deutsch sprechen.
  • Du musst Hausaufgaben machen.
  • Wir dürfen hier nicht rauchen.

10. Basic Prepositions (with cases)

PrepositionCaseExample
mitDativemit dem Auto
fürAccusativefür dich
in / aufAcc. or Dat.in der Schule, in den Park

🎯 Learn them with set phrases — don’t memorize in isolation.


11. Numbers, Dates, and Time Phrases

  • Ich bin 30 Jahre alt.
  • Heute ist Montag.
  • Es ist zehn Uhr.
  • Am Wochenende mache ich nichts.

📌 Also learn: heute, morgen, gestern, am Montag, um 8 Uhr…


12. Plurals & Noun Endings

No consistent rules — but start noticing patterns:

SingularPlural
der Tischdie Tische
die Lampedie Lampen
das Kinddie Kinder

🎯 When you learn a noun, learn the plural + article too!


📌 Learning Tips for A1 Grammar

  • 🧠 Use full sentences — don’t just learn isolated words
  • ✍️ Write simple daily sentences (e.g., “Ich arbeite heute.”)
  • 🗣️ Repeat aloud — get used to German sounds and word order
  • 🧱 Build vocabulary alongside grammar — they reinforce each other
  • 📖 Read simple dialogues and leicht zu lesen books

✅ What You Don’t Need (Yet)

At A1, skip:

  • Subordinate clauses (weil, dass, etc.)
  • Konjunktiv (would, could…)
  • Passive voice
  • Genitive case
  • Fancy adjective endings

Focus on clarity and function — not complexity.


🧾 Final Thought: A1 Grammar = Your Launchpad

At A1, your job is simple: get comfortable with German sentence structure, essential verbs, and real-life phrases.

You’re not trying to sound academic — you’re trying to be understood.
And that’s the smartest first step.

Master the basics now — and B1 will feel 10x easier later.

Leave a Reply